Over how many years were the Makki Surahs of the Holy Quran revealed?

The Makki Surahs of the Holy Quran were revealed over a period of 13 years, during the early part of Prophet Muhammad’s ﷺ mission in Makkah before the migration (Hijrah) to Madinah. These Surahs were primarily focused on establishing the foundational principles of Islam, including the Oneness of Allah (Tauheed), Prophethood, accountability in the Hereafter, and moral guidance. They were revealed to a community that was deeply entrenched in idolatry and social injustice, aiming to transform the spiritual and ethical mindset of the people of Makkah.

Makki Surahs are characterized by shorter verses, powerful rhetoric, and repeated emphasis on core beliefs. They often begin with strong statements or oaths to capture attention, and they stress the consequences of disbelief while highlighting Allah’s greatness, mercy, and power. Surahs such as Al-Fatiha, Al-Ikhlas, Al-Masad, and Al-Muddaththir are among the Makki revelations, providing spiritual guidance, calling people to reflect on the creation, and warning about the Day of Judgment.

The 13-year period of Makki revelation laid the spiritual groundwork for the Muslim community, building their resilience, faith, and understanding of Allah before they faced the political and social challenges in Madinah. The focus was on strengthening faith, warning against polytheism, and encouraging patience in the face of persecution. This period also included stories of previous Prophets to inspire and guide the early believers.