Where did Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) deliver his last sermon (Khutbah)?

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) delivered his last sermon (Khutbah) on the Day of Arafah, at Mount Arafat, during the farewell Hajj in 632 CE. This sermon is regarded as one of the most significant speeches in Islamic history, containing guidance, wisdom, and directives that are timeless for all Muslims. The choice of Mount Arafat was symbolic, as it is a place of immense spiritual importance during Hajj where pilgrims gather to seek forgiveness, make supplications, and reflect on their relationship with Allah.

In his last sermon, the Prophet (PBUH) emphasized key principles of Islam, including the equality of all human beings, regardless of race, ethnicity, or social status. He reminded Muslims that no Arab has superiority over a non-Arab and vice versa, and that all are equal in the eyes of Allah, with piety being the only criterion of distinction. He also stressed the sanctity of life, property, and honor, reinforcing the moral and social codes that the Muslim community should uphold.

The sermon included instructions on the treatment of women, the importance of fulfilling trusts and responsibilities, and adherence to the Quran and Sunnah. Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) warned against division, injustice, and corruption, urging Muslims to maintain unity and righteousness. These instructions formed a comprehensive guide to personal ethics, social justice, and spiritual devotion.