Which is the first source of Shariah?

In Islamic jurisprudence, the Shariah represents the divine law that governs the moral, spiritual, social, and legal aspects of a Muslim’s life. Among the sources of Shariah, the Holy Quran is considered the first and foremost source. It is the literal word of Allah, revealed to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ over a period of 23 years, and serves as the ultimate guide for belief, practice, and legislation.

The Quran provides comprehensive guidance on worship, ethics, family law, criminal justice, trade, and social responsibilities. It lays down the principles and commands that form the foundation of Islamic law. While the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ—the sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet—serves as a second source to clarify, explain, and implement the Quranic injunctions, the Quran itself holds the primary authority in matters of faith and practice.

The importance of recognizing the Quran as the first source of Shariah is emphasized in Islamic scholarship. Jurists rely on the Quran to derive rules and legislation, ensuring that all practices align with divine guidance. The Sunnah complements the Quran but does not supersede it; it helps Muslims understand the practical application of Quranic laws in everyday life.