On which items is the Nisab (minimum threshold) of Zakat fixed?

In Islam, Nisab refers to the minimum amount of wealth a Muslim must possess for a full lunar year before Zakat becomes obligatory. The Nisab is not a single fixed value; rather, it is determined based on specific types of wealth mentioned in Islamic teachings. Among these, gold, silver, and certain agricultural products such as dates are primary items on which Nisab has been clearly established.

The Nisab for gold is traditionally set at 20 dinars, which is approximately 87.48 grams of gold. For silver, the Nisab is 200 dirhams, equal to about 612.36 grams of silver. These measurements were defined during the time of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and have been followed by Islamic scholars for centuries. In modern practice, the monetary value of these quantities is calculated according to current market rates to determine Zakat eligibility.

Agricultural produce, including dates, also has a Nisab threshold. The Nisab for crops is set at five wasaq, roughly equivalent to 653 kilograms. If a farmer’s produce reaches this amount, Zakat becomes obligatory, regardless of whether the land was irrigated naturally or artificially. The rate of Zakat differs based on the method of irrigation, reflecting fairness and ease in Islamic law.

The inclusion of multiple items for Nisab highlights Islam’s comprehensive economic system, ensuring that Zakat applies fairly across different forms of wealth. It prevents undue burden on those with limited means while ensuring that those who are financially capable contribute to the welfare of society.