The correct answer is Ottoman Empire. In 1517 CE, the Ottoman Sultan Selim I conquered Egypt, bringing the Mamluk Sultanate under Ottoman control. At that time, the Abbasid caliphate had been maintained in Cairo under the protection of the Mamluk... Read More
The correct answer is Ottoman Empire. In 1517 CE, the Ottoman Sultan Selim I conquered Egypt, bringing the Mamluk Sultanate under Ottoman control. At that time, the Abbasid caliphate had been maintained in Cairo under the protection of the Mamluk rulers after the fall of Baghdad in 1258 CE.
The Abbasid Caliphate had originally ruled from Baghdad, but the Mongol conquest brought its political authority there to an end. Later, the Abbasid line was restored in Cairo in a largely symbolic capacity under the Mamluks. The Cairo Abbasids did not possess the extensive political and military authority that their predecessors had exercised from Baghdad.
After defeating the Mamluks, Sultan Selim I took control of Egypt and its important political and religious centers. The Abbasid caliphate in Cairo consequently came to an end. This event is often described in historical accounts as the conclusion of the Abbasid caliphal line that had continued in Cairo after the destruction of Baghdad.
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