The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was officially founded on 23 September 1932 by King Abdulaziz Ibn Saud. Before this date, the region was divided into various tribal and territorial areas, including the Kingdom of Hejaz and the Sultanate of Nejd. King Abdulaziz began a unification campaign in the early 1900s, gradually bringing together different regions under one leadership through military efforts and political agreements.

The successful unification of these regions led to the proclamation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia on 23 September 1932. This date is now celebrated every year as the national day of Saudi Arabia. It marks the beginning of the modern Saudi state, which later emerged as one of the most influential countries in the Arab and Islamic world.

Since its founding, Saudi Arabia has become known for its vast oil resources, religious significance as the birthplace of Islam, and its custodianship of the two holiest cities: Makkah and Madinah. The formation of the kingdom also laid the foundation for its development in terms of governance, infrastructure, and global relations. The year 1932 is considered a key historical milestone in Middle Eastern history.