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Albert Einstein, the renowned theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, was born in the Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire on March 14, 1879. His birthplace was the city of Ulm, located in present-day Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Einstein spent much of his early childhood in Munich, where his father ran an electrical engineering company. He showed exceptional talent in mathematics and physics from a young age, although his schooling was not always smooth. Despite common myths, he did not fail math, but he disliked the rigid structure of the German education system at the time.

Key facts about Albert Einstein early life:

• Born in: Ulm, Kingdom of Württemberg, German Empire


• Date of birth: March 14, 1879


• Parents: Hermann Einstein and Pauline Koch


• Nationality at birth: German


• Later nationalities: Renounced German citizenship in 1896, became Swiss (1901), and American (1940)

In 1905, while working as a patent clerk in Switzerland, Einstein published four groundbreaking papers in the "Annalen der Physik" journal — a period known as his "miracle year." These papers included the special theory of relativity, which introduced the famous equation E=mc².

Einstein emigrated to the United States in 1933 after Adolf Hitler came to power. He joined the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, and became an American citizen in 1940. Despite his time in the USA, Germany remained the country where his journey began — both as a child and as a scientific thinker.