MCQ Detailed View

Dr. Linus Carl Pauling (1901–1994) was an American scientist, educator, and peace activist who achieved a remarkable and unmatched distinction in history. He is the only person ever to have received two unshared Nobel Prizes — one in Chemistry and one in Peace.

Pauling was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 for his groundbreaking research on the nature of chemical bonds and the structure of complex substances. His work on chemical bonding explained how atoms connect to form molecules and laid the foundation for much of modern chemistry. This contribution transformed the way scientists understood molecular structures and earned him worldwide recognition in the field of science.

Later, in 1962, Pauling was honored with the Nobel Peace Prize for his tireless efforts to promote nuclear disarmament. He was an outspoken critic of nuclear weapons testing during the Cold War and actively campaigned for an international ban on such tests. His activism contributed to the signing of the Partial Test Ban Treaty of 1963, which prohibited nuclear weapon tests in the atmosphere, underwater, and in outer space.

Unlike other multiple Nobel laureates who shared their awards with collaborators, Pauling received both awards individually, making his achievement unique. His life’s work combined scientific brilliance with a deep sense of social responsibility. He believed that scientists had a moral duty to use their knowledge for the betterment of humanity.

Pauling’s legacy continues to inspire students, scientists, and peace advocates worldwide. His career demonstrates that one can excel in scientific innovation while also making significant contributions to global peace and justice.

Key Points:

• 
  

  Full Name: Linus Carl Pauling

  
  


• 
  

  Born: February 28, 1901, Portland, Oregon, USA

  
  


• 
  

  Nobel Prize in Chemistry: 1954 (for research on chemical bonds)

  
  


• 
  

  Nobel Peace Prize: 1962 (for anti-nuclear activism)

  
  


• 
  

  Unique Achievement: Only person to win two unshared Nobel Prizes

  
  


• 
  

  Legacy: Renowned scientist and peace advocate