Dove is a symbol of?

The correct answer is Peace.
The dove has been recognized as a universal symbol of peace and pacifism for centuries. While it is often associated with love or purity in specific contexts, its most profound and globally recognized identity is that of a messenger of peace. This symbolism transcends borders, languages, and religions, making it one of the most powerful icons in human history.

Ancient Roots and Religious Origins

The association of the dove with peace is deeply rooted in ancient traditions. In Mesopotamian mythology, doves were symbols of Inanna-Ishtar, the goddess of love, sexuality, and war. However, the shift toward "peace" is most famously traced to the Judeo-Christian tradition, specifically the story of Noah’s Ark in the Book of Genesis. According to the narrative, after the great flood, Noah released a dove to find dry land. The bird returned to the Ark carrying a fresh olive leaf in its beak, signifying that the waters had receded and that God had made peace with mankind. This imagery of the "Dove and Olive Branch" remains the primary foundation for the symbol today.

The Dove in Greek and Roman Mythology

In Greek mythology, the dove was sacred to Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty. It was believed that her chariot was drawn by doves, and the bird often represented the softer, more harmonious side of human emotion. The Romans adopted this tradition, associating the bird with Venus. Over time, the concept of "Pax" (the Roman goddess of peace) became intertwined with the gentle nature of the dove. Because doves are often seen as non-aggressive birds that mate for life and care for their young with great devotion, they became natural representations of a society living in tranquility and harmony.

Modern Adoption: Picasso and the World Peace Council

The dove’s status as a modern political symbol of peace was solidified in the 20th century, largely due to the influence of the legendary artist Pablo Picasso. In 1949, Picasso’s lithograph, La Colombe (The Dove), was chosen as the emblem for the World Peace Congress in Paris. This was a critical moment following the devastation of World War II, as the world was searching for a visual language to express the desire for global stability. Picasso’s "Peace Dove" became an iconic image for the peace movement during the Cold War era, appearing on posters, banners, and stamps worldwide.

Cultural Variations and Global Impact

Beyond the West, the dove holds significant meaning in other cultures as well. In some traditions, it is viewed as a symbol of the soul or a messenger between the earthly and spiritual realms. In the context of modern international relations, the "peace dove" is frequently used by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and humanitarian groups to signify their neutral, life-saving missions.

The physical characteristics of the bird contribute to its symbolic weight. Its white feathers are often associated with surrender (the white flag) and cleanliness, while its soft cooing and graceful flight patterns suggest a lack of malice. Whether it is released at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games or used in political protests against conflict, the dove continues to serve as a silent plea for a world without violence. Understanding this history helps clarify why the dove remains the definitive answer for peace in general knowledge and cultural studies.