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Reproduction is the process that allows a species to continue and survive over time. Without reproduction, no new members would be born, and the species would eventually die out.
There are two main types of reproduction:
Asexual reproduction – one parent produces offspring that are identical to itself. Examples include bacteria and some plants.
Sexual reproduction – two parents combine genetic material to produce offspring that are unique. Examples include humans, animals, and most plants.
Other life processes are important for the survival of individuals, but not for the survival of the species:
Digestion provides energy from food.
Respiration releases energy for body activities.
Excretion removes waste from the body.
Reproduction ensures that:
Genetic information is passed to the next generation
The species continues to exist
Populations can adapt and survive in changing environments
In short, reproduction is the only process that guarantees the survival of a species. Digestion, respiration, and excretion keep individuals alive, but reproduction keeps the species alive.
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