MCQ Detailed View

A cataract is a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes cloudy, leading to a decrease in vision. The lens is a transparent structure located behind the iris and the pupil that focuses light onto the retina, allowing the eye to form clear images. When a cataract develops, the lens loses its transparency, causing blurred or dim vision.

Cataracts are most commonly associated with aging, and they often occur in older adults. However, they can also develop due to genetic factors, diabetes, eye injuries, long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light, or the use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids. Other causes include congenital cataracts, which are present at birth due to developmental issues.

Symptoms of cataracts include blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, sensitivity to light, halos around lights, and fading or yellowing of colors. If left untreated, cataracts can progress to significant vision impairment or blindness. The condition affects one or both eyes, but it is usually more noticeable when it affects both eyes.

Treatment for cataracts primarily involves surgical removal of the cloudy lens and replacement with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). This surgery is safe, effective, and commonly performed worldwide. Non-surgical methods, such as stronger lighting or corrective glasses, can help in early stages but cannot reverse cataracts.

Understanding cataracts is part of human biology, especially in topics related to the eye, vision system, and common diseases. Recognizing the signs and causes of cataracts helps in early diagnosis and effective treatment, improving overall eye health.