MCQ Detailed View

The external ear, also known as the pinna or auricle, is a visible part of the ear that collects sound waves and directs them into the ear canal. Its unique and flexible shape allows it to capture sounds from the environment efficiently. The structure and flexibility of the external ear are mainly due to the presence of elastic cartilage.

Elastic cartilage is a specialized type of cartilage that contains numerous elastic fibers in its matrix, in addition to collagen fibers. This composition makes it both flexible and resilient, allowing the external ear to bend without breaking and return to its original shape. The cartilage provides support and structure to the ear while maintaining its softness and elasticity.

Other types of cartilage, such as fibrocartilage and articular cartilage, are found in different parts of the body. Fibrocartilage is tough and dense, found in intervertebral discs and knee joints, providing shock absorption and strength. Articular cartilage covers the ends of bones in movable joints, reducing friction and allowing smooth movement. These types do not have the same elastic properties required for shaping the external ear.

The external ear is covered by skin and has a thin layer of fat, but the main structural framework is elastic cartilage. This allows the ear to withstand minor bending or pressure without permanent deformation. Damage to this cartilage can lead to deformities in ear shape, showing how essential elastic cartilage is in maintaining the ear’s structure.

Therefore, the correct answer is elastic cartilage, as it is the tissue responsible for the distinctive and flexible shape of the human external ear.