MCQ Detailed View

Iodine is an essential trace mineral required by the human body for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, growth, and brain development. Since the body cannot produce iodine on its own, it must be obtained through diet. Among all natural foods, seafoods are the richest and most reliable sources of iodine.

Why Seafoods Are Good Sources:

1. 
   

   Marine Environment: Oceans contain a high concentration of iodine. Marine organisms such as fish, shellfish, seaweed (kelp, nori), and other sea plants absorb iodine directly from seawater.

   
   


2. 
   

   Iodine-Rich Foods:

   
   
   
   
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     Sea fish: Cod, tuna, and sardines are excellent sources.

     
     
   
   
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     Seaweed: Some types can contain very high levels of iodine.

     
     
   
   
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     Shellfish: Oysters, prawns, and crabs provide good amounts.

     
     
   
   
   
   


3. 
   

   Iodized Salt: Although not seafood, iodized table salt is another major dietary source, added to prevent iodine deficiency disorders in inland populations.

   
   

Importance of Iodine:

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  Thyroid Hormones Production: Essential for making thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate energy metabolism.

  
  


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  Brain Development: Especially important during pregnancy and early childhood.

  
  


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  Deficiency Consequences: Low iodine intake can lead to goiter (enlarged thyroid gland), hypothyroidism, and developmental issues in children.

  
  

Why Other Options Are Incorrect:

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  Green leafy vegetables, seeds, fresh fruits: These generally contain very low iodine levels, especially if grown in iodine-deficient soil. They are not reliable sources compared to seafood.

  
  

Thus, the correct answer is Option D: Sea foods, as they naturally provide the highest levels of iodine required for maintaining healthy thyroid function and overall metabolism.