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Iskander Mirza, the last Governor General of Pakistan and later the first President of Pakistan, died in exile in London on 13 November 1969. After being deposed by General Ayub Khan in 1958 through a military coup, Mirza was forced to leave the country and spent the remainder of his life in exile.

Iskander Mirza had a significant role in Pakistan’s early politics. He initially served as Governor General from 1955 until the position was abolished in 1956, when Pakistan became a republic. Afterward, he became the first President of Pakistan. However, his tenure was marked by political instability, frequent dismissal of governments, and eventually his reliance on the military to maintain control.

Key Facts about Iskander Mirza:

• Full Name: Major General Iskander Ali Mirza


• Position: Last Governor General of Pakistan (1955–1956), First President of Pakistan (1956–1958)


• Died: 13 November 1969 in London, United Kingdom


• Reason for Exile: Deposed by General Ayub Khan in 1958 military coup


• Burial: Tehran, Iran (state funeral arranged by Shah of Iran)


• Notable Role: Oversaw transition of Pakistan from Dominion to Republic

Iskander Mirza remains a controversial figure in Pakistan’s history. His political maneuvers and dependence on military power paved the way for Pakistan’s first martial law. His death in exile marked a tragic end to a turbulent political career.