MCQ Detailed View

The correct answer is Heinrich Hertz. Maxwell’s equations, formulated by James Clerk Maxwell, predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves mathematically in 1865, showing that electric and magnetic fields could propagate through space as waves. However, it was Heinrich Hertz in 1887–1888 who first experimentally produced and detected electromagnetic waves, confirming Maxwell’s theoretical predictions.

Hertz’s experiments involved using a spark-gap transmitter to generate oscillating electric currents that produced electromagnetic waves. He then detected these waves using a simple loop of wire with a small gap, where sparks would jump across the gap as the waves passed, demonstrating that the waves could travel through air and reflect off objects, just like light. These experiments laid the foundation for radio, television, and modern wireless communications.

It’s important to note that Thomas Edison did not transmit electromagnetic waves; he worked primarily on electricity, light bulbs, and power systems. Similarly, John Logie Baird invented the mechanical television system in the 1920s but did not contribute to electromagnetic wave transmission. Maxwell provided the theory, but Hertz provided the experimental proof, making him the key figure in the practical discovery of electromagnetic waves.

Heinrich Hertz’s work also helped later scientists, including Guglielmo Marconi, develop long-distance wireless communication systems using radio waves. Hertz’s name is immortalized in the unit of frequency (Hertz, Hz), representing cycles per second, which is fundamental to all modern communication technology.

🔑 Key Facts:

• 
  

  Heinrich Hertz = first to experimentally transmit and detect electromagnetic waves.

  
  


• 
  

  Confirmed Maxwell’s theoretical predictions.

  
  


• 
  

  Used spark-gap transmitter and receiver loop.

  
  


• 
  

  Foundation for radio, TV, and wireless communications.

  
  


• 
  

  Edison and Baird were unrelated to electromagnetic wave transmission.

  
  

👉 Final Answer: The scientist who first transmitted electromagnetic waves to distant places is Heinrich Hertz.