MCQ Detailed View

The correct answer is Fission reaction. Nuclear fission is a process in which the nucleus of a heavy atom, such as uranium-235 or plutonium-239, splits into smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy along with highly harmful radiation. This radiation includes alpha particles, beta particles, gamma rays, and neutrons, all of which are dangerous to living organisms.

Fission reactions are used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity. However, the radioactive waste produced in these reactions can remain hazardous for thousands of years if not properly contained. Exposure to fission radiation can damage DNA, cause cancer, and harm the environment if released uncontrolled, as seen in nuclear accidents like Chernobyl and Fukushima.

In contrast, fusion reactions, such as those in the Sun or hydrogen bombs, release enormous energy but usually produce less radioactive waste than fission. Chemical reactions, like burning wood or rusting iron, release energy in the form of heat or light but do not produce harmful nuclear radiation. Photo-chemical reactions, such as photosynthesis, involve the absorption of light to produce chemical changes and are completely safe for humans.

Fission is therefore considered the most hazardous reaction in terms of radiation because it directly involves nuclear energy and generates particles and rays capable of penetrating living tissues and causing severe biological damage. Proper shielding and containment, such as lead barriers and reactor containment structures, are essential to prevent exposure.

🔑 Key Facts:

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  Fission reaction = splitting of heavy atomic nuclei.

  
  


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  Produces harmful radiation: alpha, beta, gamma, neutrons.

  
  


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  Used in nuclear power plants and weapons.

  
  


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  Fusion and chemical reactions produce little or no radioactive radiation.

  
  


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  Fission radiation can cause DNA damage, cancer, and environmental hazards.

  
  

👉 Final Answer: The type of reaction that produces the most harmful radiation is Fission reaction.