MCQ Detailed View

A device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called a battery (or an electrochemical cell). Batteries are designed to store energy in the form of chemical compounds and release it as electricity when needed, powering countless devices in our daily lives.

Inside a battery, a chemical reaction occurs between substances in two separate compartments known as the anode (negative terminal) and the cathode (positive terminal). These compartments are connected by an electrolyte, a medium that allows ions to move between the electrodes. When the battery is connected to an external circuit, electrons flow from the anode to the cathode, creating an electric current. This process is known as an electrochemical reaction.

There are different types of batteries:

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  Primary cells (non-rechargeable), like dry cells used in flashlights and remote controls.

  
  


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  Secondary cells (rechargeable), like lithium-ion batteries used in smartphones and electric vehicles.

  
  

Other devices listed in the options do not perform this function:

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  A motor converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, producing motion.

  
  


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  A generator converts mechanical energy (like rotation) into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction.

  
  


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  A moving-coil galvanometer measures small electric currents but does not generate them.

  
  

Batteries are essential to modern technology, powering electronics, vehicles, medical devices, and renewable energy storage systems. They have revolutionized portable energy use, making it possible to operate devices without direct connection to a power grid.This question belongs to Chemistry, specifically the branch called electrochemistry, which studies how chemical reactions can produce electricity. Understanding batteries is key to learning how energy can be stored, transformed, and efficiently utilized in everyday applications.