MCQ Detailed View

Detergents are widely used for cleaning clothes, dishes, and other surfaces. However, they contain chemical compounds that can pollute water and harm the environment. Among the ingredients in detergents, the main contributor to toxicity is Na-Silicate (sodium silicate) solution.

Na-Silicate is added to detergents to improve their cleaning efficiency by softening water and removing grease. While effective for cleaning, sodium silicate is highly alkaline and can increase the pH of water when released into rivers, lakes, or wastewater. High alkalinity can damage aquatic organisms, including fish and plants, by disrupting natural biological processes.

Other components like Na-Sulphate, Na-Chloride, or K-Chloride are present in detergents but are much less toxic. Sodium sulfate and sodium chloride are mostly harmless salts, and potassium chloride has minimal environmental impact. In contrast, Na-Silicate contributes to water pollution, chemical imbalance, and ecosystem stress, making it the main source of detergent toxicity.

Understanding the toxicity of Na-Silicate is important in environmental chemistry, pollution control, and wastewater management. Treatment plants often neutralize alkalinity and remove silicates before releasing water into the environment. Awareness about this component also helps in designing eco-friendly detergents that are safer for aquatic life and human use.

In summary, Na-Silicate solution in detergents is the primary contributor to toxicity due to its high alkalinity and chemical reactivity. Controlling its release and developing alternatives are key steps in reducing water pollution and protecting ecosystems.