MCQ Detailed View

Pollutants are substances that contaminate the environment and can harm living organisms. They are classified as biodegradable or non-biodegradable. Biodegradable pollutants can be broken down naturally by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi, while non-biodegradable pollutants persist in the environment for a long time.

Domestic waste is a common biodegradable pollutant. It includes food scraps, paper, garden waste, and other organic materials from households. Microorganisms decompose this waste into simpler substances, such as water, carbon dioxide, and nutrients. This natural breakdown helps reduce environmental pollution and recycle nutrients into the soil.

Other options are non-biodegradable pollutants. DDT is a synthetic pesticide that remains in the environment for decades. Mercury salts are toxic heavy metals that cannot be easily decomposed. Aluminum foil is metallic and does not decompose naturally. These pollutants accumulate in soil, water, and living organisms, causing long-term environmental damage.

Understanding biodegradable and non-biodegradable pollutants is important in environmental chemistry and waste management. Proper disposal of domestic waste through composting and recycling reduces pollution and supports a cleaner environment. Biodegradable waste contributes to nutrient cycling and helps maintain ecological balance.