MCQ Detailed View

Air pollution refers to the contamination of the atmosphere by harmful substances, making it unsafe for humans, animals, and plants. The main cause of air pollution is the burning of fuels such as coal, oil, gasoline, and natural gas. These fuels are widely used in industries, vehicles, power plants, and households. When they burn, they release harmful gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and fine particulate matter.

Among these pollutants, carbon dioxide is a major contributor to global warming, while sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides can cause acid rain. Particulate matter and smoke reduce air quality and are dangerous to human health, leading to respiratory diseases like asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer. In urban areas with heavy traffic, vehicle emissions are the leading source of air pollution.

While forests and fertilizers can have indirect effects on the environment, they are not the main cause of air pollution. Forests, in fact, help clean the air by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. Fertilizers, on the other hand, are more closely linked to water pollution than air pollution.

The burning of fossil fuels also contributes to smog formation, which is a combination of smoke and fog. Cities around the world, especially in developing countries, face smog problems during winter when fuel burning increases and weather traps pollutants close to the ground.

Reducing air pollution requires practical solutions such as shifting to renewable energy sources, using public transportation, planting trees, and adopting cleaner technologies. The promotion of electric vehicles and solar or wind power can significantly cut down fuel emissions.

In summary, the primary cause of air pollution is the burning of fuels, as it releases harmful gases and particles into the atmosphere, leading to serious environmental and health problems.