Which unit in the CPU controls the flow of instructions and data?

The Control Unit (CU) is a vital part of the CPU. Its main role is to manage and control the flow of data and instructions within the computer system. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and input/output devices how to respond to instructions sent to the processor.

When a program runs, the control unit fetches the instructions from memory, decodes them, and then sends the proper signals to execute them. It works like a traffic manager that ensures data goes to the right place at the right time.