MCQ Detailed View

Among the four Rightly Guided Caliphs (Khulafa-e-Rashideen), the administration of Hazrat Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A) is widely regarded as the most exemplary. His caliphate lasted for approximately 10 years (13 AH to 23 AH), during which he laid the foundation for one of the most well-organized and expansive Islamic governments in history.

Hazrat Umar (R.A) introduced a series of administrative, judicial, and financial reforms that are still studied and admired today. He established the system of Diwan (state register), organized provinces with appointed governors (Walis), set up courts with Qadis (judges), and initiated stipends for the poor, orphans, and widows. He was also the first to implement the Islamic calendar (Hijri calendar) officially.

Under his leadership, the Islamic empire expanded rapidly across regions like Syria, Palestine, Persia, and Egypt. Despite the vastness of the territory, his governance was marked by justice, accountability, and public welfare. Hazrat Umar (R.A) was known for personally inspecting public affairs and holding even his governors accountable for their actions.

🟩 Key Facts:

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  Hazrat Umar (R.A) served as the second Caliph of Islam (13–23 AH).

  
  


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  Introduced Diwan (administrative records) and the Hijri calendar.

  
  


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  Appointed judges (Qadis) to ensure justice at the local level.

  
  


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  Expanded Islamic rule to Persia, Syria, Egypt, and beyond.

  
  


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  Regularly conducted inspections of public offices and markets.

  
  


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  Known for justice, social equity, and financial reforms.

  
  


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  Established stipends for the needy and structured taxation systems.