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Polymers can be classified into homopolymers and copolymers based on the type of monomers used in their formation.
A homopolymer is formed from only one type of monomer. Examples include:
Polyethylene → made from ethene.
PVC (Polyvinyl chloride) → made from vinyl chloride.
Orlon (Polyacrylonitrile) → made from acrylonitrile.
A copolymer, on the other hand, is formed from two or more different monomers. When these monomers combine in an alternating, random, block, or graft arrangement, the resulting polymer has properties derived from both.
Nylon 6,6 is a classic example of a copolymer. It is prepared by condensation polymerization of:
Hexamethylene diamine (NH₂–(CH₂)₆–NH₂) → a diamine containing 6 carbons.
Adipic acid (HOOC–(CH₂)₄–COOH) → a dicarboxylic acid also with 6 carbons.
When these two monomers react, they form amide linkages (–CONH–) with the elimination of water molecules. The repeating unit consists of two different monomers, making Nylon 6,6 a copolymer.
Why Nylon 6,6 is important:
It is strong, durable, and resistant to wear.
Used in textiles, carpets, ropes, parachutes, and tire cords.
It is also employed in making engineering plastics, gears, and bearings due to its mechanical strength.
In contrast, polymers like polyethylene, PVC, and Orlon are homopolymers, since they are derived from a single type of monomer.
Key Point:
Whenever a polymer is formed from two different monomers, it is classified as a copolymer. Hence, among the given options, Nylon 6,6 is the correct example.
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