______ soil is also known as Regur soil.

Black soil, also called Regur soil or Black Cotton Soil, is one of the most fertile soil types found in the Indian subcontinent. The word Regur is derived from the local term “Regadi,” meaning black-colored earth. This soil type developed from the weathering of volcanic basalt rocks and is commonly found in the Deccan Plateau, particularly in regions like Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, and parts of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.

Black soil is rich in iron, lime, calcium, potassium, and aluminum compounds, which contribute to its dark coloration and fertility. It contains fine clay particles that give it a smooth texture and an exceptional moisture retention capacity. When wet, it becomes sticky and plastic in nature, but in dry seasons, it forms deep cracks. These cracks help in natural aeration, allowing roots to penetrate easily and promoting healthy plant growth.

This soil is especially suitable for the cultivation of cotton, which is why it is often referred to as Black Cotton Soil. In addition to cotton, crops like sugarcane, wheat, jowar (sorghum), and oilseeds thrive in this soil. Despite its fertility, black soil lacks essential nutrients like phosphorus, nitrogen, and organic matter, requiring the use of fertilizers for higher yields.

The ability of black soil to store moisture for a long time makes it ideal for dry farming regions. Its combination of mineral richness and natural aeration helps sustain agricultural productivity even in semi-arid climates.

In conclusion, black or regur soil is a vital natural resource for agriculture, known for its fertility, structure, and importance in supporting major crops, especially cotton.