MCQ Detailed View

Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (R.A), the second Caliph of Islam, is widely known for his visionary leadership and administrative reforms. Among his many achievements, he introduced the concept of Majlis-e-Aam (public council), which served as an early form of parliament where public representatives could gather, consult, and discuss important matters of the Islamic state.

The purpose of the Majlis-e-Aam was to ensure transparency, justice, and collective consultation (Shura) in governance. Hazrat Umar (R.A) believed that a ruler should not make decisions in isolation but should instead involve the people, scholars, and companions of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) in decision-making. This practice was rooted in the Qur’anic principle of “Wa amruhum shura baynahum” (their affairs are decided by mutual consultation – Surah Ash-Shura 42:38).

The Majlis-e-Aam played a significant role in shaping policies related to public administration, justice, military strategy, and the welfare of citizens. Hazrat Umar (R.A) would often ask for the opinions of senior companions like Hazrat Ali (R.A), Hazrat Uthman (R.A), Hazrat Zubair (R.A), and Hazrat Talha (R.A). This council ensured that governance was based on fairness, collective wisdom, and accountability.

One of the remarkable aspects of Umar’s governance was that he would also allow ordinary people to voice their concerns and opinions openly. This ensured that the caliphate remained close to the people, and the rulers were held accountable for their actions.

The establishment of Majlis-e-Aam reflects Hazrat Umar’s foresight in developing a consultative system that combined Islamic principles with practical governance. Many historians regard it as an early foundation for parliamentary systems that exist in the modern world today.

Key Facts:

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  Founder of Majlis-e-Aam: Hazrat Umar (R.A).

  
  


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  Purpose: Public consultation and collective decision-making.

  
  


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  Based on Qur’anic principle of Shura.

  
  


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  Ensured justice, transparency, and accountability in governance.