MCQ Detailed View

In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), Ijma refers to the consensus of qualified Islamic scholars on a legal or religious issue. Scholars classify Ijma into two main types based on its scope and participants:

Ijma of the Companions (Sahabah): This type of Ijma occurs when all the Companions of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) agree upon a ruling after the Prophet’s passing. It is considered the strongest form of Ijma because it reflects the understanding of those closest to the Prophet and his teachings.

Ijma of Scholars after the Companions: This type occurs when later scholars (Mujtahids) reach a consensus on a matter in Islamic law. Its strength depends on the number and reliability of scholars involved. This form helps address new situations that were not explicitly covered during the time of the Prophet or the Companions.

Ijma serves as one of the primary sources of Islamic law after the Qur’an and Sunnah. It ensures unity among Muslims in legal matters and provides a framework for applying Islamic principles to new challenges while maintaining the integrity of Shariah.

Key Facts:

• 
  

  Ijma = Consensus of qualified Islamic scholars.

  
  


• 
  

  Two main types: Ijma of the Companions and Ijma of later scholars.

  
  


• 
  

  Ijma of Companions is the strongest form of consensus.

  
  


• 
  

  Ijma of later scholars helps address new issues and situations.

  
  


• 
  

  Acts as a secondary source of Islamic law after the Qur’an and Sunnah.

  
  


• 
  

  Ensures unity and consistency in the application of Shariah.