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According to the majority of Islamic scholars, the minimum number of people required for Jumu’ah (Friday) prayer is three, including the Imam. This ruling is based on authentic narrations and scholarly consensus that Jumu’ah prayer is a congregational obligation and cannot be performed individually.
While there are different scholarly opinions (some scholars state 3, some 4, and others 40), the stronger and widely accepted opinion is a minimum of 3, as the essence of Jumu’ah prayer is gathering believers for remembrance of Allah and listening to the Khutbah (sermon). The prayer was established by Prophet Muhammad (SAW) with a small group of companions during early Islam, showing that a large number is not a strict condition.
The requirement highlights the importance of unity, community gathering, and collective worship in Islam, making Jumu’ah prayer a special act that differentiates Friday from other weekdays.
Minimum 3 people are required for Jumu’ah prayer, including the Imam.
Jumu’ah is a congregational prayer, not valid for a single person alone.
The prayer consists of Khutbah (sermon) followed by 2 Rak’ahs of Salah.
Friday prayer is obligatory for adult Muslim men except for those exempted (e.g., travelers, sick).
Jumu’ah prayer is mentioned in Surah Al-Jumu’ah (62:9), urging Muslims to attend.
The prayer emphasizes unity, brotherhood, and communal remembrance of Allah.
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