MCQ Detailed View

The last ruler of the Umayyad dynasty was Marwan II, also known as Marwan ibn Muhammad. He ruled from 744 to 750 CE and was the 14th and final caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, which was based in Damascus. His reign marked the end of the Umayyad dynasty’s dominance in the Islamic world due to internal conflicts, tribal divisions, and the rising power of the Abbasid movement.

Marwan II faced significant opposition from various factions, including the Abbasids, who were gaining support in Khorasan and other regions. The decisive moment came in the Battle of Zab in 750 CE, where Marwan II was defeated by the Abbasid forces. After the defeat, he fled but was eventually killed in Egypt, marking the official end of the Umayyad rule.

The fall of the Umayyads led to the rise of the Abbasid Caliphate, which shifted the political center of Islam from Damascus to Baghdad. However, a branch of the Umayyad family escaped to Spain, where they later established the Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba, which lasted for centuries.

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  Marwan II was the last ruler of the Umayyad dynasty.

  
  


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  He ruled from 744 to 750 CE.

  
  


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  Defeated in the Battle of Zab by Abbasid forces.

  
  


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  His death marked the end of Umayyad rule in the Islamic heartlands.

  
  


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  The Abbasid Caliphate succeeded the Umayyads.

  
  


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  A surviving Umayyad branch later founded the Emirate of Córdoba in Spain.