MCQ Detailed View

The final ruler of the Umayyad Caliphate was Marwan ibn Muhammad, commonly known as Marwan II. He ruled from 744 to 750 CE and was the 14th and last caliph of the Umayyad dynasty, which had been established in 661 CE following the era of the Rightly Guided Caliphs.

Marwan II faced multiple rebellions during his short reign, including internal dissensions and the growing strength of the Abbasid revolution. His rule marked the final stage of a weakening Umayyad state due to political fragmentation, loss of control over various provinces, and dissatisfaction among non-Arab Muslims (Mawali).

Eventually, Marwan II was defeated by Abbasid forces in the Battle of Zab in 750 CE. He fled to Egypt but was killed shortly after. This event marked the fall of the Umayyad Caliphate and the rise of the Abbasid Caliphate under Abu al-Abbas as-Saffah.

🔑 Key Facts:

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  Marwan II was the 14th and final Umayyad caliph.

  
  


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  His reign lasted from 744 to 750 CE.

  
  


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  He was defeated in the Battle of Zab by Abbasid revolutionaries.

  
  


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  His death led to the collapse of the Umayyad dynasty in the East.

  
  


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  A branch of the Umayyads later established rule in Al-Andalus (Spain) under Abd al-Rahman I.