MCQ Detailed View

"Kitab al-Umm" is one of the most important early works in Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh) and was authored by Imam Muhammad ibn Idris al-Shafi‘i (R.A), the founder of the Shafi‘i school of Islamic law. The book is a comprehensive collection of legal rulings, methodology, and reasoning, and it holds a central place in the development of Usul al-Fiqh (principles of Islamic jurisprudence).

Imam Shafi (150–204 Hijri / 767–820 CE) was born in Gaza and raised in Makkah. He was known for his profound knowledge and unique methodology of balancing the Quran, Hadith, consensus (Ijma‘), and analogical reasoning (Qiyas). He was also a student of Imam Malik (R.A) and later studied under Imam Muhammad al-Shaybani, a student of Imam Abu Hanifa. This allowed Imam Shafi to combine various juristic approaches, leading to the formation of a well-balanced legal framework.

"Kitab al-Umm" is not just a book of fatwas or rulings; it includes deep discussions on legal theory, the use of Hadith in deriving rulings, and critiques of other legal opinions. Imam Shafi used this book to present his revised legal views after settling in Egypt, which are referred to as his "new opinion" (qaul jadid), as opposed to his earlier views from Iraq (qaul qadim).

This work remains a primary reference for scholars of the Shafi‘i school and has influenced the development of Islamic legal thought across generations. It showcases Imam Shafi’s structured approach to legal methodology and his insistence on relying strictly on authentic Hadith.

"Kitab al-Umm" is considered a landmark in Islamic legal literature, making Imam Shafi one of the most influential jurists in Islamic history.