MCQ Detailed View

Hazrat Usman ibn Affan (R.A), the third Caliph of Islam, ruled the Muslim Ummah for 12 years, from 644 CE to 656 CE, after succeeding Hazrat Umar ibn al-Khattab (R.A). His Khilafat is often divided into two phases: the first six years marked by peace, expansion, and stability, and the later six years marked by internal unrest and political challenges.

During the early years of his Caliphate, Islam expanded rapidly into new territories. The Muslim armies made significant advances into North Africa, Persia, and Central Asia. His leadership ensured that the Islamic empire reached vast regions, spreading the message of Islam far and wide.

One of the most remarkable contributions of Hazrat Usman (R.A) was the compilation of the Qur’an into a standardized written form. To prevent disputes over recitation differences, he ordered several copies of the compiled Qur’an to be distributed across the Islamic world. This was one of the greatest services to Islam, ensuring the preservation of the Holy Book in its original form.

Economically, his period brought prosperity, as trade routes expanded and wealth flowed into the Muslim state. Hazrat Usman (R.A) was known for his generosity and had been one of the wealthiest companions, who spent much of his wealth for the cause of Islam, such as financing the expansion of Masjid al-Nabawi and providing wells for the people of Madinah.

However, the later years of his Khilafat faced challenges. Certain groups, fueled by political and personal grievances, created unrest that ultimately led to the tragic martyrdom of Hazrat Usman (R.A) in 656 CE while he was reciting the Qur’an. His martyrdom marked a critical turning point in Islamic history.

Key Facts:

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  Hazrat Usman (R.A) = 3rd Caliph of Islam.

  
  


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  Ruled for 12 years (644–656 CE).

  
  


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  Known for compilation of the Qur’an.

  
  


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  Expanded Islamic empire extensively.

  
  


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  Martyred while reciting the Qur’an.