MCQ Detailed View

Hazrat Umar ibn Al-Khattab (R.A), the second Caliph of Islam, served a highly influential and transformative tenure that lasted for approximately 10 years and 5 months. His period of leadership began in 13 AH (634 CE) following the death of Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) and continued until 23 AH (644 CE), when he was martyred.

Under his Caliphate, the Islamic state expanded rapidly beyond the Arabian Peninsula, including territories of the Byzantine and Persian empires. His administration was marked by justice, discipline, and strong governance. Hazrat Umar (R.A) introduced various reforms in governance, public administration, and infrastructure, including the establishment of the Islamic calendar, police departments, and welfare systems.

His Khilafat period is widely regarded as one of the most important in Islamic history. His leadership style became a model for future Islamic rulers, and his firm adherence to justice earned him the title "Al-Farooq," meaning "the one who distinguishes between right and wrong.

Key Fact:

• 
  

  Duration of Khilafat: 10 years and 5 months.

  
  


• 
  

  He was appointed by Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) as his successor.

  
  


• 
  

  Oversaw major Islamic expansions into Persia, Syria, Egypt, and beyond.

  
  


• 
  

  Introduced administrative and social reforms including stipends, courts, and police.

  
  


• 
  

  Known for simplicity, justice, and accountability in leadership.

  
  


• 
  

  Martyred by a Persian slave named Abu Lu’lu in 23 AH (644 CE).