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In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), the term Ijma refers to the consensus of opinion among qualified Islamic scholars on a particular issue. It is considered one of the secondary sources of Islamic law, after the Qur’an and Sunnah. When scholars reach agreement on a legal matter, it carries significant authority and is used to guide rulings for the Muslim community.
Ijma plays a crucial role in adapting Islamic law to new situations that were not explicitly mentioned in the Qur’an or Hadith. For example, when new issues arise in society, scholars discuss and reach a collective agreement, and this consensus becomes a binding source for legal and ethical decisions.
Other related terms include Ijtihad, which refers to independent reasoning by a scholar to derive rulings, and Qiyas, which is analogical reasoning based on established rules. Unlike Ijtihad or Qiyas, Ijma represents agreement among scholars, reflecting collective reasoning and unity in interpreting Islamic law.Other related terms include Ijtihad, which refers to independent reasoning by a scholar to derive rulings, and Qiyas, which is analogical reasoning based on established rules. Unlike Ijtihad or Qiyas, Ijma represents agreement among scholars, reflecting collective reasoning and unity in interpreting Islamic law.
Key Facts:
Ijma means the consensus of Islamic scholars.
It is the third source of Islamic law after the Qur’an and Sunnah.
Used to address new issues not directly covered in the Qur’an or Hadith.
Reflects collective reasoning and unity among scholars.
Ijtihad is independent reasoning; Qiyas is analogical reasoning.
Ijma ensures Islamic law remains relevant and adaptable across generations.
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