MCQ Detailed View

In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), the term Qiyas refers to analogy, which is a method used to derive legal rulings for new situations by comparing them to cases already addressed in the Qur’an or Sunnah. Qiyas is applied when a matter has no explicit ruling in primary sources, and scholars identify a common cause (‘illa) between the new case and an existing ruling to extend the law.

For example, the prohibition of alcohol is extended to all intoxicants because the underlying cause (‘illa) is intoxication. Qiyas allows Islamic law to remain flexible and applicable to evolving circumstances, while staying firmly rooted in the Qur’an and Sunnah.

Qiyas is one of the four main sources of Islamic law: Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma (consensus), and Qiyas (analogy). It is distinct from Ijma, which is consensus, and Ijtehad, which is independent reasoning. Qiyas ensures that new issues are addressed through analogy rather than arbitrary judgment, preserving the consistency and integrity of Shariah.

Key Facts:

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  Qiyas = Analogy in Islamic jurisprudence.

  
  


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  Used to derive rulings for new situations not explicitly mentioned in Qur’an or Sunnah.

  
  


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  Relies on identifying a common cause (‘illa) between known and new cases.

  
  


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  Helps Islamic law remain flexible and relevant across times and places.

  
  


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  Part of the four main sources of Islamic law: Qur’an, Sunnah, Ijma, Qiyas.

  
  


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  Different from Ijma (consensus) and Ijtehad (independent reasoning).