Who must allow the police to enter and search the place?

Section 47 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) 1898 outlines the procedure when an accused person is suspected of hiding in a specific place. According to this provision, the person in charge of the place—whether an owner, tenant, or occupier—is legally obligated to permit the police to enter and conduct a search. The law empowers the police to take such actions when there is reasonable belief that a person liable to arrest is present within those premises.If the person in charge refuses to grant entry after being informed of the officer’s identity and purpose, the police are lawfully authorized to break open the door or window to gain access. However, this power must be exercised reasonably and only when necessary. The objective is to ensure that criminals cannot avoid lawful arrest by concealing themselves, while also protecting the sanctity and privacy of individuals’ homes from arbitrary invasion.

This section promotes cooperation between citizens and law enforcement agencies and establishes a fair process balancing privacy and justice. It prevents obstruction of legal duties and facilitates smooth execution of arrest warrants and searches under judicial supervision when required.

Key Facts:

• Section 47 CrPC 1898 deals with the search of a place where the accused is believed to hide.


• The person in charge (owner, tenant, or occupier) must allow police entry for a lawful search.


• Police must demand entry before using any force.


• If denied, they may break open the premises after declaring their authority.


• The section belongs to Chapter V – Arrest, Escape, and Retaking.


• It upholds both public safety and individual privacy rights.


• Non-compliance may lead to legal action for obstructing justice.