Section 51 of the CrPC 1898 primarily deals with:

Section 51 of the CrPC 1898 lays down the legal framework for searching a person who has been arrested. The main purpose of this section is to ensure safety, collect evidence, and prevent the destruction or concealment of materials that could be relevant to the case. Once a person is lawfully arrested, it becomes essential for the police to verify whether that person carries any weapons, prohibited items, or incriminating evidence.

According to Section 51, whenever a person is arrested, the officer making the arrest may search the arrested person and place in safe custody any article found upon him, other than necessary wearing apparel. If any such article is required for evidence in a case, it can later be produced before the court.

This section also incorporates important safeguards to protect individual rights. It mandates that when the person to be searched is a female, the search must be conducted by another female officer with strict regard to decency and privacy. This provision ensures respect for modesty and human dignity during the enforcement process.

The rule prevents abuse of police authority and promotes accountability and transparency in arrest procedures. Courts have emphasized that the search should not be conducted arbitrarily or as a means of harassment. All searches must follow legal procedures and maintain proper documentation of seized items, which are usually listed in a memo or seizure report.

In essence, Section 51 balances law enforcement needs with fundamental human rights. It enables the recovery of evidence or illegal objects while ensuring that the rights of the arrested person are not violated through unnecessary force, humiliation, or indecent treatment.

Key Facts:

• Section 51 deals with the search of arrested persons.


• The purpose is to find weapons, evidence, or illegal items.


• Articles found (except clothing) are kept in safe custody.


• A female must be searched by another female with decency.


• Ensures security, fairness, and human dignity.


• Any item seized can be produced as evidence in court.


• Prevents abuse of power and ensures lawful police procedure.