“Free ingress” under Section 47 means:

Under Section 47 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) 1898), the term “free ingress” refers to the unrestricted right of lawful entry into a place where an accused person is believed to be hiding. When a police officer, acting under lawful authority, has reasonable grounds to believe that a person who can be arrested is present inside any premises, the officer has the right to enter that place. The person in charge of the premises—such as the owner, tenant, or occupier—is legally bound to allow the officer free ingress, meaning free entry without obstruction or resistance.This provision ensures that police officers can carry out their duties efficiently without facing unnecessary delays or barriers. However, it must be exercised within the boundaries of law, respecting the sanctity of private property and individual rights. The officer must first announce their authority and purpose before entering, and only if entry is denied may force be used.The purpose of “free ingress” is to support the enforcement of law and order while maintaining fairness in procedure. It prevents the accused from escaping justice by hiding and compels the cooperation of the public in facilitating lawful arrests or searches.

Key Facts:

• “Free ingress” literally means free and lawful entry into a place.


• It is mentioned under Section 47 CrPC 1898, dealing with search of place where accused hides.


• The person in charge must allow entry to the police.


• Police must first demand entry before forcing their way in.


• Ensures no obstruction in carrying out lawful duties.


• Balances law enforcement authority and individual privacy rights.


• Belongs to Chapter V – Arrest, Escape, and Retaking of CrPC 1898.


• Prevents delays or hindrance in executing lawful arrests or searches.