When entering a woman’s private room (zanana), the officer must first:

According to Section 48 of the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPC) 1898), when a police officer is required to enter a place for the purpose of making an arrest or conducting a lawful search, and that place includes a woman’s private room (zanana), the officer must first allow the woman to withdraw before entering. This provision was established to respect modesty, privacy, and cultural values associated with women, particularly in South Asian societies where the zanana (private quarters of women) is traditionally restricted to female family members.

The officer must give due notice and provide a reasonable opportunity for the woman to retire, ensuring that her dignity and privacy are protected. Only after allowing sufficient time for withdrawal can the officer lawfully enter the room to perform his official duties. This rule reflects the balance between enforcing the law and maintaining respect for cultural and moral considerations.Section 48 thus protects individual privacy while ensuring that justice is not obstructed. It is a crucial safeguard preventing unnecessary intrusion and upholding the principle that law enforcement must operate with sensitivity and respect for the rights of citizens.

Key Facts:

• Section 48 CrPC 1898 empowers police to enter premises and use reasonable force if entry is denied.


• When entering a woman’s private room (zanana), the officer must first allow the woman to withdraw.


• This rule ensures protection of modesty and privacy of women.


• The officer must announce his purpose and authority before entering.


• The provision maintains a balance between law enforcement and cultural sensitivity.


• Violation of this procedure can lead to disciplinary or legal consequences.


• It is part of Chapter V – Arrest, Escape, and Retaking in CrPC 1898.