MCQ Detailed View

Intermediate neurons, commonly referred to as interneurons, are a type of neuron found exclusively within the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord. Unlike sensory neurons, which transmit signals from sensory organs to the CNS, or motor neurons, which carry commands from the CNS to muscles or glands, interneurons serve as connectors or relays, enabling communication between neurons.

🔹 Functions of Interneurons

1. 
   

   Signal Integration – They collect information from multiple sensory neurons and integrate it to produce a coordinated response.

   
   


2. 
   

   Reflex Actions – In spinal reflexes, interneurons quickly relay signals between sensory and motor neurons without involving conscious thought, allowing rapid reactions.

   
   


3. 
   

   Higher Brain Functions – In the brain, interneurons play crucial roles in learning, memory, decision-making, and pattern recognition by forming complex neural circuits.

   
   

🔹 Location

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  Brain: Interneurons are abundant in regions such as the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, where they process sensory input, regulate motor output, and facilitate cognitive functions.

  
  


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  Spinal Cord: They form reflex arcs that allow immediate motor responses to stimuli without waiting for the brain.

  
  

🔹 Importance in the Nervous System

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  Interneurons enable the central nervous system to coordinate complex behaviors.

  
  


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  They are vital for signal modulation, ensuring the right motor responses are generated.

  
  


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  Damage or dysfunction in interneurons can lead to neurological disorders such as epilepsy, spasticity, or impaired reflexes.

  
  

🔹 Key Differences

✅ Key Facts Recap

• 
  

  Interneurons = Intermediate neurons

  
  


• 
  

  Location: Brain and Spinal Cord

  
  


• 
  

  Function: Connect sensory neurons → motor neurons

  
  


• 
  

  Vital for reflexes, learning, memory, and signal integration

  
  

👉 Correct Answer: Option 2 – Brain